L2:3-19/梵简
atha khalu mahāmatir bodhisattvo mahāsattvo bhagavantam etad avocat | deśayatu me bhagavāṃs tathāgato ’rhan samyaksaṃbuddhaḥ svabuddhabuddhatām yenāhaṃ cānye ca bodhisattvā mahāsattvās tathāgatasvakuśalā svamātmānaṃ parāṃś cāvabodhayeyuḥ | bhagavān āha | tena hi mahāmate tvam eva paripṛccha | yathā te kṣamate tathā visarjayiṣyāmi | mahāmatir āha | kiṃ punar bhagavaṃs tathāgato ’rhan samyaksaṃbuddho ’kṛtakaḥ kṛtakaḥ kāryaṃ kāraṇaṃ lakṣyaṃ lakṣaṇam abhidhānam abhidheyaṃ buddhir boddhavya evam ādyaiḥ padaniruktaiḥ kiṃ bhagavān anyo ’nanyaḥ ||
【求译】尔时大慧菩萨白佛言:“世尊,唯愿为说三藐三佛陀,我及余菩萨摩诃萨善于如来自性自觉觉他。”佛告大慧:“恣所欲问。我当为汝随所问说。”大慧白佛言:“世尊,如来、应供、等正觉为作耶?为不作耶?为事耶?为因耶?为相耶?为所相耶?为说耶?为所说耶?为觉耶?为所觉耶?如是等辞句为异为不异?”
【菩译】尔时圣者大慧菩萨白佛言:“世尊!如来、应、正遍知,惟愿演说自身所证内觉知法,以何等法名为法身?我及一切诸菩萨等,善知如来法身之相,自身及他俱入无疑。”佛告大慧菩萨言:“善哉!善哉!善哉大慧!汝有所疑随意所问,为汝分别。”大慧白佛言:“善哉世尊!唯然受教。”即白佛言:“世尊!如来、应、正遍知法身者,为作法耶非作法耶?为是因耶为是果耶?为能见耶为所见耶?为是说耶为可说耶?为是智耶智所觉耶?如是等辞句,如来法身为异耶为不异耶?”
【实译】尔时大慧菩萨摩诃萨复白佛言:“世尊,愿为我说如来、应、正等觉自觉性,令我及诸菩萨摩诃萨而得善巧,自悟悟他。”佛言:“大慧!如汝所问,当为汝说。”大慧言:“唯!世尊,如来、应供、正等觉为作非作,为果非因,为相所相,为说所说,为觉所觉?如是等为异不异?”
bhagavān āha | na mahāmate tathāgato ’rhan samyaksaṃbuddha evam ādyaiḥ padaniruktair akṛtako na kṛtakaṃ na kāryaṃ na kāraṇam | tat kasya hetor yaduta ubhayadoṣaprasaṅgāt | yadi hi mahāmate tathāgataḥ kṛtakaḥ syāt anityatvaṃ syāt | anityatvāt sarvaṃ hi kāryaṃ tathāgataḥ syāt | aniṣṭaṃ caitan mama cānyeṣāṃ ca tathāgatānām | athākṛtakaḥ syād alabdhātmakatvāt samudāgatasaṃbhāravaiyarthyaṃ syāc chaśaviṣāṇavad vandhyāputratulyaś ca syād akṛtakatvāt | yac ca mahāmate na kāryaṃ na kāraṇaṃ tan na san nāsat | yac ca na san nāsat tac cātuṣkoṭikabāhyam | cātuṣkoṭikaṃ ca mahāmate lokavyavahāraḥ | yac ca cātuṣkoṭikabāhyaṃ tad vāgmātraṃ prasajyate vandhyāputravat | vandhyāputro hi mahāmate vāgmātraṃ na cātuṣkoṭikapatitaḥ | apatitatvād apramāṇaṃ viduṣām | evaṃ sarvatathāgatapadārthā vidvadbhiḥ pratyavagantavyāḥ | yad apy uktaṃ mayā nirātmānaḥ sarvadharmā iti tasyāpy arthaṃ niboddhavyaṃ mahāmate | nirātmabhāvo mahāmate nairātmyam | svātmanā sarvadharmā vidyante na parātmanā gośvavat[1] | tadyathā mahāmate na gobhāvo ’śvātmako na cāśvabhāvo gavātmako na san nāsat na ca tau svalakṣaṇato na vidyete eva tau svalakṣaṇataḥ evam eva mahāmate sarvadharmā na ca svalakṣaṇena na saṃvidyante | vidyanta eva | tena ca bālapṛthagjanair nirātmārthatāvabudhyate vikalpam upādāya na tv avikalpam | evaṃ śūnyānutpādāsvābhāvyaṃ sarvadharmāṇāṃ pratyavagantavyam | evaṃ skandhebhyo nānyo nānanyastathāgataḥ | yady ananyaḥ skandhebhyaḥ syād anityaḥ syāt kṛtatvāt skandhānām | athānyaḥ syād dvaye saty anyathā bhavati goviṣāṇavat ||
【求译】佛告大慧:“如来、应供、等正觉于如是等辞句非事非因。所以者何?俱有过故。大慧!若如来是事者,或作,或无常。无常故,一切事应是如来,我及诸佛皆所不欲。若非所作者,无所得故,方便则空,同于兔角、般大之子,以无所有故。大慧!若无事无因者,则非有非无。若非有非无,则出于四句。四句者是世间言说。若出四句者,则不堕四句。不堕故,智者所取。一切如来句义亦如是,慧者当知。如我所说一切法无我,当知此义。无我性是无我。一切法有自性,无他性,如牛马。大慧!譬如非牛马性马牛性,其实非有非无,彼非无自相。如是,大慧!一切诸法非无自相,有自相。但非无我愚夫之所能知,以妄想故。如是一切法空、无生、无自性,当如是知。如是如来与阴非异非不异。若不异阴者,应是无常。若异者,方便则空。若二者应有异,如牛角。
【菩译】佛告大慧:“如来、应、正遍知法身之相,如是辞句等,非作法非不作法非因非果。何以故?以二边有过故。大慧!若言如来是作法者是则无常,若无常者一切作法应是如来,而佛、如来、应、正遍知不许此法。大慧!若如来法身非作法者则是无身,言有修行无量功德一切行者则是虚妄。大慧!若不作者应同兔角石女儿等,以无作因亦无身故。大慧!若法非因非果非有非无,而彼法体离四种相。大慧!彼四种法名世间言说。大慧!若法离于四种法者,彼法但有名字如石女儿。大慧!石女儿等唯是名字章句之法,说同四法,若堕四法者则智者不取,如是一切问如来句,智者应知。”佛复告大慧:“我说一切诸法无我,汝当谛听无我之义。夫无我者,内身无我是故无我。大慧!一切诸法自身为有他身为无,如似牛马。大慧!譬如牛身非是马身,马亦非牛,是故不得言有言无,而彼自体非是无耶。大慧!一切诸法亦复如是,非无体相有自体相,愚痴凡夫不知诸法无我体相,以分别心非不分别心。大慧!如是一切法空一切法不生,一切法无体相亦尔。大慧!如来法身亦复如是,于五阴中非一非异。大慧!如来法身五阴一者则是无常,以五阴是所作法故。大慧!如来法身五阴异者则有二法,不同体相,如牛二角相似不异,见有别体长短似异。
【实译】佛言:“大慧!如来、应、正等觉,非作非非作,非果非因,非相非所相,非说非所说,非觉非所觉。何以故?俱有过故。大慧!若如来是作,则是无常。若是无常,一切作法应是如来,我及诸佛皆不忍可。若非作法,则无体性,所修方便悉空无益,同于兔角、石女之子,非作因成故。若非因非果,则非有非无。若非有非无,则超过四句。言四句者,但随世间而有言说。若超过四句,唯有言说,则如石女儿。大慧!石女儿者,唯有言说,不堕四句。以不堕故,不可度量。诸有智者,应如是知如来所有一切句义。大慧!如我所说诸法无我,以诸法中无有我性,故说无我,非是无有诸法自性。如来句义应知亦然。大慧!譬如牛无马性,马无牛性,非无自性。一切诸法亦复如是,无有自相,而非有即有,非诸凡愚之所能知。何故不知?以分别故。一切法空,一切法无生,一切法无自性,悉亦如是。大慧!如来与蕴非异非不异。若不异者,应是无常,五蕴诸法是所作故。若异者,如牛二角,有异不异。
tatra sādṛśyadarśanād ananyatvaṃ hrasvadīrghadarśanād anyatvaṃ sarvabhāvānām | dakṣiṇaṃ hi mahāmate goviṣāṇaṃ vāmasyānyad bhavati vāmam api dakṣiṇasya | evaṃ hrasvadīrghatvayoḥ parasparataḥ | evaṃ varṇavaicitryataś ca | ataś cāparasparato ’nyaḥ | na cānyastathāgataḥ skandhadhātvāyatanebhyaḥ | evaṃ vimokṣāt tathāgato nānyo nānanyaḥ | tathāgata eva mokṣaśabdena deśyate | yady anyaḥ syān mokṣāt tathāgato rūpalakṣaṇayuktaḥ syāt | rūpalakṣaṇayuktatvād anityaḥ syāt | athānanyaḥ syāt prāptilakṣaṇavibhāgo na syād yoginām | dṛṣṭaś ca mahāmate vibhāgo yogibhiḥ | ato nānyo nānanyaḥ | evaṃ jñānaṃ jñeyān nānyan nānanyat | yad dhi mahāmate na nityaṃ nānityaṃ na kāryaṃ na kāraṇaṃ na saṃskṛtaṃ nāsaṃskṛtaṃ na buddhir na boddhavyaṃ na lakṣyaṃ na lakṣaṇaṃ na skandhā na skandhebhyo ’nyat nābhidheyaṃ nābhidhānaṃ naikatvānyatvobhayatvānubhayatvasaṃbaddham tat sarvapramāṇavinivṛttam | yat sarvapramāṇavinivṛttaṃ tad vāṅmātraṃ saṃpadyate | yad vāṅmātraṃ tad anutpannam | yad anutpannaṃ tad aniruddham | yad aniruddhaṃ tad ākāśasamam | ākāśaṃ ca mahāmate na kāryaṃ na kāraṇam | yac ca na kāryaṃ na kāraṇaṃ tan nirālambyam | yan nirālambyaṃ tat sarvaprapañcātītam | yat sarvaprapañcātītaṃ sa tathāgataḥ | etad dhi mahāmate samyaksaṃbuddhatvam | eṣā sā buddhabuddhatā sarvapramāṇendriyavinivṛttā ||
【求译】“相似故不异,长短差别故有异。一切法亦如是。大慧!如牛右角异左角,左角异右角,如是长短、种种色各各异。大慧!如来于阴、界、入非异非不异。如是如来解脱非异非不异。如是如来以解脱名说。若如来异解脱者,应色相成。色相成故,应无常。若不异者,修行者得相,应无分别。而修行者见分别。是故,非异非不异。如是智及尔炎非异非不异。大慧!智及尔炎非异非不异者,非常非无常,非作非所作,非有为非无为,非觉非所觉,非相非所相,非阴非异阴,非说非所说,非一非异,非俱非不俱。非一非异,非俱非不俱故,悉离一切量(见闻觉识识名为量)。离一切量则无言说。无言说则无生。无生则无灭。无灭则寂灭。寂灭则自性涅槃。自性涅槃则无事无因。无事无因则无攀缘。无攀缘则出过一切虚伪。出过一切虚伪则是如来。如来则是三藐三佛陀。大慧!是名三藐三佛陀。佛陀者,离一切根、量。”
【菩译】“大慧!若如是一切诸法应无异相而有异相,如牛左角异右角、右角异左角,如是长短相待各别,如色种种彼此差别。大慧!如是如来法身之相,于五阴中不可说一不可说异,于解脱中不可说一不可说异,于涅槃中不可说一不可说异,如是依解脱故,说名如来法身之相。大慧!若如来法身异解脱者,则同色相则是无常,若如来法身不异解脱者,则无能证所证差别。大慧!而修行者则见能证及于所证,是故非一。大慧!如是知于可知境界非一非异。大慧!若法非常非无常,非因非果,非有为非无为,非觉非不觉,非能见非可见,非离阴、界、入非即阴、界、入,非名非境界,非一非异,非俱非不俱,非相续非不相续,过一切诸法,若过诸法但有其名,若但有名彼法不生,以不生故彼法不灭,以不灭故彼法则如虚空平等。大慧!虚空非因非果,若法非因非果者,彼法则为不可观察;不可观察者,彼法过诸一切戏论;若过一切诸戏论者,名如来法身。大慧!是名如来、应、正遍知法身之相,以过一切诸根境界故。”
【实译】“互相似故不异,长短别故有异。如牛右角异左,左角异右,长短不同,色相各别。然亦不异,如于蕴、于界、处等。一切法亦如是。大慧!如来者依解脱说。如来解脱非异非不异。若异者,如来便与色相相应。色相相应即是无常。若不异者,修行者见应无差别,然有差别,故非不异。如是智与所知,非异非不异。若非异非不异,则非常非无常,非作非所作,非为非无为,非觉非所觉,非相非所相,非蕴非异蕴,非说非所说,非一非异,非俱非不俱。以是义故,超一切量。超一切量故,唯有言说。唯有言说故,则无有生。无有生故,则无有灭。无有灭故,则如虚空。大慧!虚空非作非所作。非作非所作故,远离攀缘;远离攀缘故,出过一切诸戏论法。出过一切诸戏论法,即是如来。如来即是正等觉体。正等觉者永离一切诸根境界。”
tatredam ucyate |
【求译】尔时世尊欲重宣此义而说偈言:
【菩译】尔时世尊重说偈言:
【实译】尔时世尊重说颂曰:
pramāṇendriyanirmuktaṃ na kāryaṃ nāpi kāraṇam |
buddhiboddhavyarahitaṃ lakṣyalakṣaṇavarjitam || 79 ||
【求译】悉离诸根量,无事亦无因,
已离觉所觉,亦离相所相。
【菩译】离诸法及根,非果亦非因;
已离觉所觉,离能见可见。
【实译】出过诸根量,非果亦非因,
相及所相等,如是悉皆离。
skandhān pratītya saṃbuddho na dṛṣṭaḥ kenacit kvacit |
yo na dṛṣṭaḥ kvacit kenacit kathaṃ tasya vibhāvanā || 80 ||
【求译】阴缘等正觉,一异莫能见,
若无有见者,云何而分别?
【菩译】诸缘及五阴,佛无有见法;
若无有见法,云何而分别?
【实译】蕴缘与正觉,一异莫能见,
既无有见者,云何起分别?
na kṛtako nākṛtako na kāryaṃ nāpi kāraṇam |
na ca skandhā na cāskandhā na cāpy anyatra saṃkarāt || 81 ||
【求译】非作非不作,非事亦非因,
非阴不在阴,亦非有余杂。
【菩译】非作非不作,非因亦非果;
非阴非离阴,亦不在余处。
【实译】非作非非作,非因非非因,
非蕴非不蕴,亦不离余物。
na hi yo yena bhāvena kalpyamāno na dṛśyate |
na taṃ nasty eva gantavyaṃ dharmāṇām eva dharmatā || 82 ||
【求译】亦非有诸性,如彼妄想见,
当知亦非无,此法法自尔。
【菩译】何等心分别?分别不能见;
彼法非是无,诸法法自尔。
【实译】非有一法体,如彼分别见,
亦复非是无,诸法性如是。
astitvapūrvakaṃ nāsti asti nāstitvapūrvakam |
ato nāsti na gantavyam asti tvaṃ na ca kalpayet || 83 ||
【求译】以有故有无,以无故有有,
若无不应受,若有不应想。
【菩译】先有故言无,先无故言有;
是故不说无,亦不得说有。
【实译】待有故成无,待无故成有,
无既不可取,有亦不应说。
ātmanairātmyasaṃmūḍhād dhoṣamātrāvalambinaḥ |
antadvayanimagnās te naṣṭā nāśenti bāliśān || 84 ||
【求译】或于我非我,言说量留连,
沉溺于二边,自坏坏世间。
【菩译】迷于我无我,但著于音声;
彼堕于二边,妄说坏世间。
【实译】不了我无我,但著于语言,
彼溺于二边,自坏坏世间。
sarvadoṣavinirmuktaṃ yadā paśyanti man nayam |
tadā samyakprapaśyanti na te dūṣenti nāyakān || 85 ||
【求译】解脱一切过,正观察我通,
是名为正观,不毁大导师。
【菩译】离诸一切过,则能见我法;
是名为正见,不谤于诸佛。
【实译】若能见此法,则离一切过,
是名为正观,不毁大导师。
注释
- ↑ N go‘śvavat; V gośvavat.