L2:2-39/梵简

< L2:2-39

punar aparaṃ mahāmate nāmapadavyañjanakāyānāṃ lakṣaṇam uddekṣyāmaḥ yair nāmapadavyañjanakāyaiḥ sūpalakṣitair bodhisattvā mahāsattvā arthapadavyañjanānusāriṇaḥ kṣipram anuttarāṃ samyaksaṃbodhim abhisaṃbudhya tathaiva sarvasattvān avabodhayiṣyanti | tatra mahāmate kāyo nāma yaduta yad vastvāśritya nāma kriyate sa kāyo vastu kāyaḥ śarīram ity anarthāntaram | eṣa mahāmate nāmakāyaḥ | padakāyaḥ punar mahāmate yaduta padārthakāyasadbhāvo niścayo niṣṭhopalabdhir ity anarthāntaram | eṣa mahāmate padakāyopadeśaḥ kṛto mayā | vyañjanakāyaḥ punar mahāmate yaduta yena nāmapadayor abhivyaktir bhavati | vyañjanaṃ liṅgaṃ lakṣaṇam upalabdhiḥ prajñaptir ity anarthāntaram ||


【求译】“复次,大慧!当说名、句、形身相。善观名、句、形身,菩萨摩诃萨随入义、句、形身,疾得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提。如是觉已,觉一切众生。大慧!名身者,谓若依事立名。是名名身。句身者,谓句有义身,自性决定究竟。是名句身。形身者,谓显示名句。是名形身(形身即字也)

【菩译】复次佛告圣者大慧菩萨言:“大慧!我今为诸菩萨摩诃萨,说名句字身相,以诸菩萨善知名句字身相故,依名句字身相,速得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提,得菩提已为众生说名句字相。”大慧菩萨白佛言:“善哉!世尊!惟愿速说。”“大慧!何者名身?谓依何等何等法作名,名身事物名异义一。大慧!是名我说名身。大慧!何者是句身?谓义事决定究竟见义故。大慧!是名我说句身。大慧!何者是字身?谓文句毕竟故。大慧!复次名身者,依何等法了别名句,能了知自形相故。大慧!复次句身者,谓句事毕竟故。大慧!复次名身者,所谓诸字从名差别,从阿字乃至呵字,名为名身。大慧!复次字身者,谓声长短音韵高下,名为字身。

【实译】“复次,大慧!我当说名、句、文身相。诸菩萨摩诃萨善观此相,了达其义,疾得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提,复能开悟一切众生。大慧!名身者,谓依事立名,名即是身。是名名身。句身者,谓能显义,决定究竟。是名句身。文身者,谓由于此能成名句。是名文身。


punar aparaṃ mahāmate padakāyo yaduta padakāryaniṣṭhā | nāma punar mahāmate yadutākṣarāṇāṃ ca nāmasvabhāvabhedo ’kārādyāvaddhakāraḥ | tatra vyañjanaṃ punar mahāmate yaduta hrasvadīrghaplutavyañjanāni | tatra padakāyāḥ punar mahāmate ye padavīthīgāmino hastyaśvanaramṛgapaśugomahiṣājaiḍakādyāḥ padakāyasaṃjñāṃ labhante | nāma ca vyañjanaṃ ca punar mahāmate catvāra arūpiṇaḥ skandhā nāmnābhilapyanta iti kṛtvā nāma svalakṣaṇena vyajyate iti kṛtvā vyañjanam | etan mahāmate nāmapadavyañjanakāyānāṃ nāmapadābhidhānalakṣaṇam atra te paricayaḥ karaṇīyaḥ ||


【求译】“又形身者,谓长短高下。又句身者,谓径迹,如象、马、人、兽等所行径迹,得句身名。大慧!名及形者,谓以名说无色四阴,故说名。自相现,故说形。是名名、句、形身。说名、句、形身相分齐,应当修学。”

【菩译】“大慧!复次句身者,谓巷路行迹,如人象马诸兽行迹等,得名为句。大慧!复次名字者,谓无色四阴依名而说。大慧!复次名字相者,谓能了别名字相故。大慧!是名名句字身相。大慧!如是名句字相,汝应当学为人演说。”

【实译】“复次,大慧!句身者,谓句事究竟。名身者,谓诸字名各各差别,如从阿字乃至呵字。文身者,谓长短高下。复次,句身者,如足迹,如衢巷中人、畜等迹。名谓非色四蕴,以名说故。文谓名之自相,由文显故。是名名、句、文身。此名、句、文身相,汝应修学。”


tatredam ucyate |


【求译】尔时世尊欲重宣此义而说偈言:

【菩译】尔时世尊重说偈言:

【实译】尔时世尊重说颂言:


vyañjane padakāye ca nāmni cāpi viśeṣataḥ |

bālāḥ sajjanti durmedhā mahāpaṅke yathā gajāḥ || 170 ||


【求译】名身与句身,及形身差别,

    凡夫愚计著,如象溺深泥。

【菩译】名身与句身,及字身差别;

    凡夫痴计著,如象溺深泥。

【实译】名身与句身,及字身差别,

    凡愚所计著,如象溺深泥。


注释