L2:3-23/梵实

atha khalu mahāmatir bodhisattvo mahāsattvaḥ punar api bhagavantam etad avocat | anityatānityateti bhagavan sarvatīrthakarair vikalpyate | tvayā ca sarvadeśanāpāṭhe deśyata anityā bata saṃskārā utpādavyayadharmiṇa iti | tat kim iyaṃ bhagavaṃs tathyā mithyeti | katiprakārā bhagavan anityatā | bhagavān āha | aṣṭaprakārā hi mahāmate sarvatīrthakarair anityatā kalpyate na tu mayā | katamāṣṭaprakārā | tatra kecit tāvan mahāmate āhuḥ | prārambhavinivṛttir anityateti prārambho nāma mahāmate utpādo ’nutpādo ’nityatā | anye saṃsthānavinivṛttim anityatāṃ varṇayanti | anye rūpam evānityam iti | anye rūpasya vikārāntaram anityatām nairantaryaprabandhena svarasabhaṅgabhedaṃ sarvadharmāṇāṃ kṣīradadhipariṇām avikārāntaravadadṛṣṭanaṣṭā sarvabhāveṣu pravartate na nityateti | anye punar bhāvam anityatāṃ kalpayanti | anye bhāvābhāvam anityatāṃ kalpayanti | anye anutpādānityatāṃ sarvadharmāṇām anityatāyāś ca tadantargatatvāt | tatra mahāmate bhāvābhāvānityatā nāma yaduta bhūtabhautikasvalakṣaṇavināśānupalabdhir apravṛttir bhūtasvabhāvasya | tatrānutpādānityatā nāma yaduta nityamanityaṃ sadasatorapravṛttiḥ sarvadharmāṇām adarśanaṃ paramāṇupravicayāt | adarśanam anutpādasyaitad adhivacanaṃ notpādasya | etad dhi mahāmate anutpādānityatāyā lakṣaṇaṃ yasyānavabodhāt sarvatīrthakarā utpādānityatāvāde prapatanti ||

【实译】尔时大慧菩萨摩诃萨复白佛言：“世尊，一切外道妄说无常，世尊亦言诸行无常是生灭法，未知此说是邪是正？所言无常复有几种？”佛言：“大慧！外道说有七种无常，非是我法。何等为七？谓有说始起即舍，是名无常，生已不生，无常性故。有说形处变坏，是名无常。有说色即无常。有说色之变异，是名无常。一切诸法相续不断，能令变异，自然归灭，犹如乳酪前后变异，虽不可见，然在法中坏一切法。有说物无常。有说物无物无常。有说不生无常，遍住一切诸法之中。其中物无物无常者，谓能造所造其相灭坏，大种自性本来无起。不生无常者，谓常与无常、有无等法，如是一切皆无有起，乃至分析至于微尘亦无所见。以不起故，说名无生。此是不生无常相。若不了此，则堕外道生无常义。

punar aparaṃ mahāmate yasya bhāvo nityatā tasya svamativikalpenaiva nityatā nānityatā bhāvaḥ | tat kasya hetor yaduta svayam avināśitvād anityatāyāḥ | iha mahāmate sarvabhāvānām abhāvo ’nityatāyāḥ kāryam na cānityatām antareṇa sarvabhāvābhāva upalabhyate daṇḍaśilāmudgarānyatarabhedyabhedakavat | anyonyāviśeṣadarśanaṃ dṛṣṭam ato ’nityatā kāraṇaṃ sarvabhāvābhāvaḥ kāryam na ca kāryakāraṇayor viśeṣo ’sti iyam anityatedaṃ kāryam iti | aviśeṣāt kāryakāraṇayor nityāḥ sarvabhāvā ahetukatvād bhāvasya | sarvabhāvābhāvo hi mahāmate ahetukaḥ | na ca bālapṛthagjanā avabudhyante | na ca kāraṇaṃ visadṛśaṃ kāryaṃ janayati | atha janayet teṣām anityatā sarvabhāvānāṃ visadṛśaṃ kāryaṃ syāt kāryakāraṇavibhāgo na syāt | dṛṣṭaś ca kāryakāraṇavibhāgas teṣām | yadi vānityatābhāvaḥ syāt kriyāhetubhāvalakṣaṇapatitaś ca syād ekabhāvena vā parisamāptaḥ syāt sarvabhāveṣu | kriyāhetubhāvalakṣaṇapatitatvāc ca svayam evānityatā nityā syād anityatvādayaḥ sarvabhāvā nityāḥ syur nityā eva bhaveyuḥ ||

【实译】“有物无常义，有物无常者，谓于非常非无常处，自生分别。其义云何？彼立无常自不灭坏，能坏诸法。若无无常坏一切法，法终不灭，成于无有，如杖搥瓦石能坏于物而自不坏，此亦如是。大慧！现见无常与一切法，无有能作所作差别，云此是无常，此是所作。无差别故，能作所作应俱是常，不见有因，能令诸法成于无故。大慧！诸法坏灭，实亦有因，但非凡愚之所能了。大慧！异因不应生于异果。若能生者，一切异法应并相生，彼法此法能生所生应无有别。现见有别，云何异因生于异果？大慧！若无常性是有法者，应同所作，自是无常。自无常故，所无常法皆应是常。

atha sarvabhāvāntargatānityatā tena tryadhvapatitā syāt | tatra yad atītaṃ rūpaṃ tat tena saha vinaṣṭam anāgatam api notpannaṃ rūpānutpatti tayā vartamānenāpi rūpeṇa sahābhinnalakṣaṇam | rūpaṃ ca bhūtānāṃ saṃniveśaviśeṣo bhūtānāṃ bhautikasvabhāvo na vinaśyate anyānanyavivarjitatvāt sarvatīrthakarāṇām avināśāt sarvabhūtānāṃ sarvaṃ tribhavaṃ bhūtabhautikaṃ yatrotpādasthitivikāraḥ prajñapyate | kim anyad anityaṃ bhūtabhautikavinirmuktaṃ yasyānityatā kalpyate tīrthakarair bhūtāni ca na pravartante na nivartante svabhāvalakṣaṇābhiniveśāt ||

【实译】“大慧！若无常性住诸法中，应同诸法堕于三世。与过去色同时已灭，未来不生，现在俱坏。一切外道计四大种体性不坏。色者，即是大种差别。大种造色，离异不异故，其自性亦不坏灭。大慧！三有之中能造所造，莫不皆是生、住、灭相，岂更别有无常之性，能生于物而不灭耶？

tatra prārambhavinivṛttir nāmānityatā na punar bhūtāni bhūtāntaramārabhante parasparavilakṣaṇasvalakṣaṇān na viśeṣaḥ prārabhyate | tad aviśeṣāt teṣām apunarārambhād dvidhāyogād anārambhasyānityatā buddhayo bhavanti ||

【实译】“始造即舍无常者。非大种互造大种，以各别故。非自相造，以无异故。非复共造，以乖离故。当知非是始造无常。

tatra saṃsthānavinivṛttir nāmānityatā yaduta na bhūtabhautikaṃ vinaśyatyā pralayāt | pralayo nāma mahāmate ā paramāṇoḥ pravicayaparīkṣā vināśo bhūtabhautikasya saṃsthānasyānyathā bhūtadarśanād dīrghahrasvānulabdhir na paramāṇubhūteṣu vināśād bhūtānāṃ saṃsthānavinivṛttidarśanāt sāṃkhyavāde prapatanti ||

【实译】“形状坏无常者。此非能造及所造坏，但形状坏。其义云何？谓分析色乃至微尘，但灭形状长短等见，不灭能造所造色体。此见堕在数论之中。

tatra saṃsthānānityatā nāma yaduta yasya rūpam evānityaṃ tasya saṃsthānasyānityatā na bhūtānām | atha bhūtānām anityatā syāl lokasaṃvyavahārābhāvaḥ syāl lokasaṃvyavahārābhāvāl lokāyatikadṛṣṭipatitaḥ syād vāgmātratvāt sarvabhāvānām | na punaḥ svalakṣaṇotpattidarśanāt ||

【实译】“色即是无常者。谓此即是形状无常，非大种性。若大种性亦无常者，则无世事。无世事者，当知则堕卢迦耶见。以见一切法自相生，唯有言说故。

tatra vikārānityatā nāma yaduta rūpasyānyathābhūtadarśanaṃ na bhūtānāṃ suvarṇasaṃsthānabhūṣaṇavikāradarśanavat | na suvarṇaṃ bhāvādvinaśyati kiṃ tu bhūṣaṇasaṃsthānavināśo bhavati ||

【实译】“转变无常者。谓色体变，非大种变。譬如以金作庄严具，严具有变，而金无改。此亦如是。

ye cānye vikārapatitā evamādyādibhiḥ prakārais tīrthakarair anityatādṛṣṭir vikalpyate | bhūtāni hi dahyamānāny agninā svalakṣaṇatvān na dahyante ’nyonyataḥ svalakṣaṇavigamān mahābhūtabhautikabhāvocchedaḥ syāt ||

【实译】“大慧！如是等种种外道，虚妄分别见无常性。彼作是说，火不能烧诸火自相，但各分散。若能烧者，能造所造则皆断灭。

mama tu mahāmate na nityā nānityā | tat kasya hetor yaduta bāhyabhāvānabhyupagamāt tribhavacittamātropadeśād vicitralakṣaṇānupadeśān na pravartate na nivartate mahābhūtasaṃniveśaviśeṣo na bhūtabhautikatvād vikalpasya dvidhā pravartate grāhyagrāhakālakṣaṇatā vikalpasya pravṛttidvayaparijñānād bāhyabhāvābhāvadṛṣṭivigamāt svacittamātrāvabodhād vikalpo vikalpābhisaṃskāreṇa pravartate nānabhisaṃskurvataḥ | cittavikalpabhāvābhāvavigamāl laukikalokottaratamānāṃ sarvadharmāṇāṃ na nityatā nānityatā svacittadṛśyamātrān avabodhāt kudṛṣṭyāntadvayapatitayā saṃtatyā sarvatīrthakaraiḥ svavikalpān avabodhāt kathā puruṣair asiddhapūrvair anityatā kalpyate | trividhaṃ ca mahāmate sarvatīrthakaralaukikalokottaratamānāṃ sarvadharmāṇāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ vāgvikalpaviniḥsṛtānām na ca bālapṛthagjanā avabudhyante ||

【实译】“大慧！我说诸法非常无常。何以故？不取外法故，三界唯心故，不说诸相故，大种性处种种差别不生不灭故，非能造所造故，能取所取二种体性一切皆从分别起故，如实而知二取性故，了达唯是自心现故，离外有无二种见故，离有无见则不分别能所造故。大慧！世间、出世间及出世间上上诸法，唯是自心，非常非无常。不能了达，堕于外道二边恶见。大慧！一切外道不能解了此三种法，依自分别而起言说，著无常性。大慧！此三种法所有语言分别境界，非诸凡愚之所能知。”

tatredam ucyate |

【实译】尔时世尊重说颂言：

prārambhavinivṛttiṃ ca saṃsthānasyānyathātvatām |

bhāvam anityatāṃ rūpaṃ tīrthyāḥ kalpenti mohitāḥ || 118 ||

【实译】始造即便舍，形状有转变，

　　　　色物等无常，外道妄分别。

bhāvānāṃ nāsti vaināśaṃ bhūtā bhūtātmanā sthitāḥ |

nānādṛṣṭinimagnās te tīrthyāḥ kalpenti nityatām || 119 ||

【实译】诸法无坏灭，诸大自性住，

　　　　外道种种见，如是说无常。

kasyacin na hi tīrthyasya vināśo na ca saṃbhavaḥ |

bhūtā bhūtātmanā nityāḥ kasya kalpenty anityatām || 120 ||

【实译】彼诸外道众，皆说不生灭，

　　　　诸大性自常，谁是无常法？

cittamātram idaṃ sarvaṃ dvidhā cittaṃ pravartate |

grāhyagrāhakabhāvena ātmātmīyaṃ na vidyate || 121 ||

【实译】能取及所取，一切唯是心，

　　　　二种从心现，无有我我所。

brahmādisthānaparyantaṃ cittamātraṃ vadāmy aham |

cittamātravinirmuktaṃ brahmādir nopalabhyate || 122 ||

【实译】梵天等诸法，我说唯是心，

　　　　若离于心者，一切不可得。

iti laṅkāvatāre mahāyānasūtre ’nityatāparivartas tṛtīyaḥ ||